Electrochemical apparatus.



PATENTED JAN. 1, 1907,

F. A. DECKER. ELECTROCHEMICAL APPARATUS.

APPLIUATIOH FILED MAR.9.1905.

2 SEEETE-BHEET L.

Vl/Mwiws No. 839,816. PATENTED JAN. 1, 1907'. F. A. DECKER.ELECTROCHEMICAL APPARATUS.

. .AIBLIOATIOH FILED HA1L9. 1906. I

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D. ST OFFICE FRANK A. DECKER, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNQR.Br 'MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO DECKER ELEc'rmcAL MA UFAc UR JG COMPA Y, OFWILMINGTON, DELAWARE.

- No. see',e1e.

To all whom it ma concem: Be it known that I, FRANK A. DECKER, a citizenof the United States, residin at Philadelphia, in the county of-Philadephia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements inElectrochemical Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.This invention is designed to provide electrochemical fluid-containing.means such that there will be compensation for the variable endosmoticaction taking place at different depths in the'electrochemlcal fluid. Inthe electrochemical difiusionoffluids A through porous dia hragms therate of diffusion at difi'erent e evations varies with the depth orfluid-pressure and results in a aduaIly-increasing exhaustion of theflui from the surface downward. This characteristic action results in agradual decrease of energy and efiiciency in the electrochemical action.

It is the leadin object of this invention to provide means or extendingthe electrochemical energy and efiiciency. To this end I have providedan improved container which may be embodied in various forms comprisingin whole or in part porous material, providing increasingcross-sectionalareas and increasing depths oi the fluid act ting through the" porousdiaphragm or dia- 3 phragms.

construction, assem It-is a further object of my invention-to provide insuch apparatus low resistance to the endosmotic action, mechanicalstrength, compactness of apparatus, and facility in lage, anddissociation. The nature and characteristic features of the invention.willappear from the following description and the accom anying drawings1n illustration thereof, of w 'ch' Figure 1 is a perspective view of acontainer made in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a brokenperspective view of a cell rovided with the improved containers. Fig. 3is a perspective view showin a section of a cell provided with a modi edform of container. view sho a section of a cell employi a developedformof the idea illustrated in 3. Fi 5 is a vertical sectional view, and

Fig. fi-lsa bottom plan view, of a conical diaphragm made in accordancewith the invention. Fin. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a Fig. 4 is aperspective ELECTROCHEMICAL APPARATUS.

Patented J an. 90.7

cell having compartments formed therein by v the diaphragms shown inFigs. 5 and 6.

- Figs. 8 and 9 are vertical sectional views of parts of a compounddiaphra m or'contain-' 111g apparatus, showing a deve opment of thestructure illustrated in Fi '5 and 6'; and Fig. 10 is a top plan, and 11a vertical sectional view, of a cell containing the aso sembled partsshown separately in and 9.

As shown'in Figs. 1 and 2, the container 1 has the form of a truncatedwedge, being composed of the diaphragms 2, having the'65 widebase-flanges 3, sealed togethertoform a wide bottom, and thegradually-decreasing end flanges 4, which are sealed together to formthe ends of a container having-a comparatively small cross-sectionalarea at the c top, gradually increasing toward the bottom. Suchcontainers, providing cups for holdingthe heavy electrochemical fluid,may be disposed in parallel relation in an envelop or jar 5, so that theelectrochemical fluid circulates 7 about them. The conduit 6,passinithroughthe bottom of'the envelop, has the ranches 6 communicatingwith the cups, and the conduit 7, passing through the bottom oftheenvelop and communicating withthe space exterior to the cups, provide.means forchanging the fluids. v A x .As shown in Fig. 8, the envelop 8'has resting upon its bottom and sides the diaphragms 9, disposed thereinso as to provide the two exterior containing-spaces l0, increasingincross-sectional area from top to" bottom, and

between them the oppositely-disposed wedge-.. sha ed container 11. Thediaphragms may be ormed in sections, having the reinforce- 9 ments orflanges 12, which are sealed together to close the intermediate joints,the tapering flanges 13,- which are sealed together to close the ends,and the reinforcements or flanges; 14, which are sealed together to formthe bottom of the cup.

As shown in Fig. 4, the envelop 15'l1as the diaphragms 16 supportedtherein and 'oin'ed together by sealing the registering end anges 17 andthe bottom flanges or reinforcements I00 I 18, the outer diaphragmsbeing sealed to the envelope, so that there is no communication betweenthe compartments 19 and the space in tire envelop exterior thereto.

A s;sh o:w'n in Figs; 5, o, and 7, the container may employ the conicaldiaphragm 20. having thebottomreinforcement or flange 21 and} thebody-flanges orreinforcing-ribs 22 con-" verging therefrom to the. top23, having'the opening 24 therein.- This diaphragm is sup- ;portedinthe'cylindrical envelop 25-b'y the circular .flange 26, to which it issealed, thus providing the interior compartment 27 v and v the exteriorcompartment 28.

As shownin F1gs.,8, 9, 10, and ll, the con- I ":ica'l diaphragmconstruction may ,be com- {pounded by providing the truncated conical-'-iiaphragr n 29,'having the bot-tom flange or re- {1.5

ment 31 joined by the. ribs 32 and by fitting within this diaphragnr theoppositely-dis-' q mforcement and the top flange or reinforceimgeor-reini'orcement'34 sealed-to the correspondmg part 31. ture issupported i the envelop 35', to which .posedconical diaphragm 33, havingthe theflangeBO is se ed, so as toform the com- I partment 36;i'cre'asing in cross-sectional :area'fr'om the top 'to the'bottom, andthe en'- veloping compartments 37 and 38, cor'nmuni 1 eating throughthe, overflow-channels 39, the

compartment 36 being provided with the and terminal openings 4=0 and 40.

It will be understood from the foregoing go descri tionand theaccompanying drawings Having described my invention, 1 claim 1". Inelectrochemical apparatus. a fluid- 6 container comprising a porous'structure,.sa ld container; hav ng lncreasmg cross-slictlonal areas atincreasing depths.=

This compound struc-' 2. In electrochemical apparatus, a fluid-,pontainer comprlsmg a porous (naphragm,

said container having sidesdiverging downj ,-I 3-.- In electrochemicalapparatus an envelop,.and a diaphragm disposed in said en,

velop to provide an electrochemical fluidcontainer'having a crossse'ctional area varyng directly with the ressure of the fluid atdifferent depths in sai container.

4'.'In electrochemical apparatus, an envelop, and a plurality ofdiaphragms disposed in. said envelop to form fluid-containing meansincreaslng downwardly 1n cross-sectional area.

.5. In'electrochemical apparatus, a Wedgeshaped container comprising aporous dia-.-

phragm.

'6. In electrochemical apparatus, a container comprisingporousdiaphragms having tapering flanges sealed togetherl 7. Inelectrochemical apparatus, a container comprising porous diaphragmshaving bottom flanges and tapering side flanges sealed together.

8. In electrochemical apparatus, a di,a-

phragm having an edge witha taperin flange fililjELGGIllL to andextending along sai edge,

-said flange'being disposed transversely to the body of said. diaphragm.

9. In electrochemical apparatus, a diaphragm having a bottom flange andtapering side flanges thereon, said flanges' being disposed transverselyto the body of said (li r. p hragm.

In testimony vvhereofI havehereunto set 5 my hand, this 4th day ofMarch, 1905, in the 1 I presence of the subscribing Witnesses.

. FRANK A. DECKER. Witnesses: I JOHN THIEL,

UTLEY E. CRANE, Jr.

